What is the substance called on which an enzyme works?

The substance on which an enzyme works is referred to as a substrate. Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions by binding to their specific substrate. The substrate is the reactant that undergoes a chemical change during the reaction and is transformed into products as a result of the enzymatic process.

The enzyme's active site binds to the substrate, lowering the activation energy required for the reaction, which allows for the conversion of the substrate to the product more efficiently. Understanding the role of the substrate is crucial in studying enzymatic activity and the mechanisms through which enzymes accelerate biological reactions.