What is the pathway called that transmits information from a sensory neuron to a motor neuron?

The pathway that transmits information from a sensory neuron to a motor neuron is known as the reflex arc. This is a specific neural circuit that allows for a rapid response to stimuli without the involvement of higher brain centers. In a reflex arc, the sensory neuron detects a specific stimulus and sends an impulse to the spinal cord. There, it typically synapses with an interneuron, which then connects to a motor neuron. The motor neuron carries the signal away from the spinal cord to the muscle, initiating a quick reaction, such as pulling away from a hot surface.

This arrangement is crucial for reflex actions, which are automatic and occur swiftly to protect the body from harm. The reflex arc is an essential concept in biology because it highlights how the nervous system operates to facilitate fast reactions in response to environmental changes.