What does DNA stand for?

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. This term refers to the molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.

The prefix "deoxy" indicates that the sugar component of the DNA molecule is ribose that has lost an oxygen atom, which is a crucial difference from RNA (ribonucleic acid). The term "nucleic" refers to the fact that DNA is found in the nucleus of cells, while "acid" signifies that it is a polymer made from nucleotide monomers, which have a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Understanding the proper terminology is fundamental in biology, as it lays the groundwork for more complex concepts regarding genetic material and its functions. The other terms listed do not accurately reflect the structure or composition of DNA, which could lead to confusion about the molecule's nature and role in biology.